Facilitation of link loss reduction for radio antennas

ABSTRACT

A more efficient antenna can be facilitated by accounting for the cable link loss associated with the distance from antenna base equipment to the antenna. As an antenna transitions between various link layers of a telecommunications network, the cable link loss can be accounted for to determine a compensation value. The compensation value can then be used to account for the cable link loss to allow for a more efficient antenna.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates generally to facilitating antenna gains. Morespecifically, this disclosure relates to facilitating an antenna gainbased on a compensation factor initiated in response to layer selection.

BACKGROUND

A link budget is an accounting of all of the gains and losses from atransmitter, through a medium (free space, cable, waveguide, fiber,etc.) to a receiver in a telecommunication system. It accounts for theattenuation of the transmitted signal due to propagation, as well as theantenna gains, feedline, and miscellaneous losses. Randomly varyingchannel gains such as fading are taken into account by adding somemargin depending on the anticipated severity of its effects. The amountof margin required can be reduced by the use of mitigating techniquessuch as antenna diversity or frequency hopping.

An antenna's power gain or simply gain is a key performance number,which combines the antenna's directivity and electrical efficiency. As atransmitting antenna, the gain describes how well the antenna convertsinput power into radio waves headed in a specified direction. As areceiving antenna, the gain describes how well the antenna convertsradio waves arriving from a specified direction into electrical power.

Guided media such as coaxial and twisted pair electrical cables, radiofrequency waveguides, and optical fibers have losses that areexponential with distance. The path loss will be in terms of decibels(dB) per unit distance. This means that there can be a crossoverdistance beyond which the loss in a guided medium can exceed that of aline-of-sight path of the same length.

The above-described background relating to antenna and cable gains andlosses are merely intended to provide a contextual overview of somecurrent issues, and is not intended to be exhaustive. Other contextualinformation may become further apparent upon review of the followingdetailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments of the subject disclosureare described with reference to the following figures, wherein likereference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various viewsunless otherwise specified.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network comprising a mobileantenna transitioning from a first network to a second network accordingto one or more embodiments.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example wireless network coverage area changeaccording to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example wireless network comprising a mobileantenna transitioning from a first network coverage area to a secondnetwork coverage according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example attenuation graph according to one or moreembodiments.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example wireless network graph representing signalattenuation as a mobile antenna transitions between network cellsaccording to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example antenna base equipment component accordingto one or more embodiments.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram forcompensating for a loss antenna gain due to a cable according to one ormore embodiments.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram forcalibrating an antenna gain based on a frequency band sensitivityaccording to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram forgenerating gain calibration data in response to a location changeaccording to one or more embodiments.

FIGS. 10-11 illustrate example systems that can be employed with variousaspects described in this disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth toprovide a thorough understanding of various embodiments. One skilled inthe relevant art will recognize, however, that the techniques describedherein can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, orwith other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances,well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown ordescribed in detail to avoid obscuring certain aspects.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” or “anembodiment,” means that a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic described in connection with the embodiment is includedin at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrase “in oneembodiment,” “in one aspect,” or “in an embodiment,” in various placesthroughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to thesame embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, orcharacteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or moreembodiments.

As utilized herein, terms “component,” “system,” “interface,” and thelike are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, hardware,software (e.g., in execution), and/or firmware. For example, a componentcan be a processor, a process running on a processor, an object, anexecutable, a program, a storage device, and/or a computer. By way ofillustration, an application running on a server and the server can be acomponent. One or more components can reside within a process, and acomponent can be localized on one computer and/or distributed betweentwo or more computers.

Further, these components can execute from various machine-readablemedia having various data structures stored thereon. The components cancommunicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance witha signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one componentinteracting with another component in a local system, distributedsystem, and/or across a network, e.g., the Internet, a local areanetwork, a wide area network, etc. with other systems via the signal).

As another example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry; the electric or electronic circuitry can beoperated by a software application or a firmware application executed byone or more processors; the one or more processors can be internal orexternal to the apparatus and can execute at least a part of thesoftware or firmware application. As yet another example, a componentcan be an apparatus that provides specific functionality throughelectronic components without mechanical parts; the electroniccomponents can include one or more processors therein to executesoftware and/or firmware that confer(s), at least in part, thefunctionality of the electronic components. In an aspect, a componentcan emulate an electronic component via a virtual machine, e.g., withina cloud computing system.

The words “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” are used herein to meanserving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance ofdoubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by suchexamples. In addition, any aspect or design described herein as“exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is not necessarily to be construed aspreferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meantto preclude equivalent exemplary structures and techniques known tothose of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that theterms “includes,” “has,” “contains,” and other similar words are used ineither the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intendedto be inclusive—in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as an opentransition word—without precluding any additional or other elements.

As used herein, the term “infer” or “inference” refers generally to theprocess of reasoning about, or inferring states of, the system,environment, user, and/or intent from a set of observations as capturedvia events and/or data. Captured data and events can include user data,device data, environment data, data from sensors, sensor data,application data, implicit data, explicit data, etc. Inference can beemployed to identify a specific context or action, or can generate aprobability distribution over states of interest based on aconsideration of data and events, for example.

Inference can also refer to techniques employed for composinghigher-level events from a set of events and/or data. Such inferenceresults in the construction of new events or actions from a set ofobserved events and/or stored event data, whether the events arecorrelated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and datacome from one or several event and data sources. Various classificationschemes and/or systems (e.g., support vector machines, neural networks,expert systems, Bayesian belief networks, fuzzy logic, and data fusionengines) can be employed in connection with performing automatic and/orinferred action in connection with the disclosed subject matter.

In addition, the disclosed subject matter can be implemented as amethod, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programmingand/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware,or any combination thereof to control a computer to implement thedisclosed subject matter. The term “article of manufacture” as usedherein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable device, computer-readable carrier, orcomputer-readable media. For example, computer-readable media caninclude, but are not limited to, a magnetic storage device, e.g., harddisk; floppy disk; magnetic strip(s); an optical disk (e.g., compactdisk (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), a Blu-ray Disc™ (BD)); a smartcard; a flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive); and/or avirtual device that emulates a storage device and/or any of the abovecomputer-readable media.

As an overview, various embodiments are described herein to facilitatecompensation of cable loss for antennas and their respective baseequipment.

For simplicity of explanation, the methods (or algorithms) are depictedand described as a series of acts. It is to be understood andappreciated that the various embodiments are not limited by the actsillustrated and/or by the order of acts. For example, acts can occur invarious orders and/or concurrently, and with other acts not presented ordescribed herein. Furthermore, not all illustrated acts may be requiredto implement the methods. In addition, the methods could alternativelybe represented as a series of interrelated states via a state diagram orevents. Additionally, the methods described hereafter are capable ofbeing stored on an article of manufacture (e.g., a machine-readablestorage medium) to facilitate transporting and transferring suchmethodologies to computers. The term article of manufacture, as usedherein, is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable device, carrier, or media, including a non-transitorymachine-readable storage medium.

It is noted that although various aspects and embodiments are discussedherein with respect to Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)and/or Long Term Evolution (LTE), the disclosed aspects are not limitedto a UMTS implementation and/or an LTE implementation. For example,aspects or features of the disclosed embodiments can be exploited insubstantially any wireless communication technology. Such wirelesscommunication technologies can include UMTS, Code Division MultipleAccess (CDMA), Wi-Fi, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access(WiMAX), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced GPRS, ThirdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP), LTE, Third Generation PartnershipProject 2 (3GPP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), High Speed Packet Access(HSPA), Evolved High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+), High-Speed DownlinkPacket Access (HSDPA), High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Zigbee,or another IEEE 802.XX technology. Additionally, substantially allaspects disclosed herein can be exploited in legacy telecommunicationtechnologies.

Described herein are systems, methods, articles of manufacture, andother embodiments or implementations that can facilitate antenna gainmanagement. Facilitating antenna gain management can be implemented inconnection with any type of device with a connection to thecommunications network such as: an automobile, a mobile handset, acomputer, a handheld device, or the like.

In a cellular network, the coverage can be determined by a link budgetof a frequency, but it can also be based on a received power levelmeasured in millivolts (mV) per meter. A link budget is an accounting ofall of the gains and losses from a transmitter, through a medium (freespace, cable, waveguide, fiber, etc.) to a receiver in thetelecommunication system. The link budge can take into accountattenuation of a transmitted signal due to propagation, as well asantenna gains, feedline and miscellaneous losses. Randomly varyingchannel gains such as fading can be taken into account by adding somemargin depending on the anticipated severity of its effects. Forexample, a simple link budget equation can comprise:Received Power (dBm)=Transmitted Power (dBm)+Gains (dB)−Losses (dB)  Eqn (1)

Power spectral density (PSD) can be achieved for a carrier as a functionof power transmitted divided by bandwidth transmitted. Therefore,spectrum, on a per service level, can be efficiently used to extenddifficult and highly user perceived services, such as voice, on narrowerchannels to achieve a higher PSD. Consequently, the higher PSD canprovide better specific service coverage into areas and structures thatwould otherwise drive a higher cost solution. Effectively, the spectrumcan be used in smaller bandwidths to increase the received density forreal time services, such as voice over long-term evolution (VoLTE), tocompliment capacity or extend services that are highly perceived by thecustomer. Cellular systems can benefit from the higher PSD to achievereliable quality communication.

Although 4^(th) generation (4G) networks are tuned for smartphones thatare typically placed inside a moving vehicle, tuning for antennas on anautomobile can be different. The antenna outside of the automobile canreceives more signals, but different bands can be attenuated differentlydue to cable characteristics. This can result in band specificdifferences in relation to system gains and losses. Important networkthresholds can be compensated with only one offset parameter. However,this does not work well due to the need for different offset parametersassociated with different bands. Consequently, this can result in ashift in layer management and traffic loading of network resources. Inspite of the aforementioned challenges, cable attenuation and antennadifference values can be stored and updated in a calibration table toprovide band appropriate parity with smartphones.

Consequently radio frequency (RF) system calibration can allowautomobile antennas in advanced 4G/5G protocols to function likesmartphones. Calibration can comprise cable loss and antenna differencesfor each band. Band specific calibration tables can be maintained innon-volatile memory to store these system settings.

Outside of connected car, antenna gain management can be applied toother technologies including, but not limited to: smart home devices(i.e. refrigerators, security systems, etc.), dog collar devices,vending machines, etc. Additionally, this technology can be applied tointernet of things (IoT) products, especially where the antenna is notintegrated with a wireless module.

This disclosure provides for improved connected car mobility performance(call performance, throughput), network layer management, and networkresources. While tethered antennas in connected car provide a verydifferent RF system, the network can treat the tethered antennas likeany other mobile device or user equipment.

An antenna connected to an exterior of an automobile with antenna baseequipment being remote from the antenna, can experience variousfrequencies, during layer selection, as the automobile moves. Theantenna can be remotely connected to the base station equipment by acoaxial cable, fiber cable, telephone cable, and/or wirelesslyconnected. For instance, on a lower frequency band a cable loss might below or negligible for a coaxial cable, however, for a higher frequencyband, the cable loss can be so great that it can negate having theantenna on the exterior of the automobile. The coaxial cable can be at adistance from the antenna and can be used to feed the antenna. Thecoaxial cable can have an inner conductor surrounded by a tubularinsulating layer, surrounded by a tubular conducting shield. The coaxialcable can also have an insulating outer sheath or jacket. Coaxial cablescan be used as a transmission line for radio frequency signals. Itsapplications include feed lines connecting radio transmitters andreceivers with their antennas, computer network (Internet) connections,and distributing cable television signals. Consequently, coaxial cablescan be installed next to metal objects, such as gutters, without thepower losses that occur in other types of transmission lines. Coaxialcables can also provide protection of the signal from externalelectromagnetic interference.

It is noted that radio component(s) can be functionally coupled throughlinks such as cables (e.g., RF and microwave coaxial lines), ports,switches, connectors, and the like, to a set of one or more antennasthat transmit and receive wireless signals.

Although the coaxial cable can mitigate some types of interference,there can still be a cable loss related to the length of the cable tothe antenna. The cable loss can be compensated for as the automobiletransitions into different frequency bands. A compensation/calibrationvalue can be determined by measuring an output power at the end of thecable, a total received gain, and a total received sensitivity of afrequency band. The compensation/calibration value can be dependent uponthe length of the cable, the frequency, a location, a velocity, alocation, etc. For instance, if the output power measurement indicates a10 db cable loss, then the gain can be increased to 10 db to accommodatefor the cable loss. A gain can be adjusted by leveraging a variableamplifier, a variable transmitter, a processor, and a memory.

Cable loss measurements can be determined by using the base equipment,which can be communicatively coupled to the antenna by the cableconnection (e.g., wire, cable, etc.) having a length, L, where L can bea positive real number. The compensation component of the base equipmentcan alter, modify, or otherwise correct the cable loss measurementsbased on L and frequency data.

Changes in signal quality as the automobile transitions from a servingcell to a neighboring cell can be based upon a signal level. A changeratio, and resulting handoff behavior between the serving cell and theneighboring cell can be significantly affected if there are twodifferent bands involved. Consequently, one band will be much moreattenuated than the other band. For instance, if the serving cell isweaker than −110 dBm, the antenna can begin to look for a better cell togo to. The antenna can then scan other cells and average the values ofthe other cell's frequencies. Then, if another cell is at least X dBbetter than the serving cell, the antenna will change to the new cell.

According to another embodiment, the base equipment can proactivelycompensate for an anticipated layer selection based on in indicationthat the layer selection is going to occur. For instance, a globalpositioning system (GPS) associated with the automobile can provideaccurate location information as to the location of the automobile. Inaccordance with previous layer selections and frequency changes, a tablecan be constructed that associates the previous layer selections andfrequency changes with a specific location(s). Consequently, if the baseequipment has information that a layer selection has occurred previouslybetween a first location and a second location, then the base equipmentcan provide the antenna with the compensation gain preemptively beforethe antenna needs to the gain.

Because cellular networks can assign radio resources based on the signalquality, there is a direct correlation between the signal-to-noise ratioand the number of bits that can be sent. Therefore, as the automobilemoves from 3G to 4G, at the edge of the cell the signal quality can below, but proactively compensating for the anticipated signal loss canincrease the signal quality as the device transitions between 3G to 4G.Thus, the coverage area of the cell can be improved and the automobilecan receive additional radio resources.

Alternatively, the base equipment may not want to generate acompensation value to adjust for a gain loss associated with the cablelength. For instance, in certain scenarios, the base equipment may wantto override an impending layer selection based on predetermined factors.Therefore, the base equipment can prevent the antenna from moving to ahigher frequency band altogether, which would then prevent theadditional cable loss due to moving to a higher frequency.

It should be noted that a gain reduction can also be performed, in theaccordance with the aforementioned embodiments, to preserve batterypower.

It should also be noted that an artificial intelligence (AI) componentcan facilitate automating one or more features in accordance with thedisclosed aspects. A memory and a processor as well as other componentscan include functionality with regard to the figures. The disclosedaspects in connection with automobile antennas can employ variousAI-based schemes for carrying out various aspects thereof. For example,a process for detecting one or more trigger events, such astransitioning between one cell to another, can be facilitated with anexample automatic classifier system and process.

An example classifier can be a function that maps an input attributevector, x=(x1, x2, x3, x4, xn), to a confidence that the input belongsto a class, that is, f(x)=confidence(class). Such classification canemploy a probabilistic and/or statistical-based analysis (e.g.,factoring into the analysis utilities and costs) to prognose or infer anaction that can be automatically performed. In the case of communicationsystems, for example, attributes can be a frequency band and atechnology and the classes can be an output power reduction value. Inanother example, the attributes can be a frequency band, a technology,and the presence of an object and the classes can be an output powerreduction value.

A support vector machine (SVM) is an example of a classifier that can beemployed. The SVM can operate by finding a hypersurface in the space ofpossible inputs, which the hypersurface attempts to split the triggeringcriteria from the non-triggering events. Intuitively, this makes theclassification correct for testing data that is near, but not identicalto training data. Other directed and undirected model classificationapproaches include, for example, naïve Bayes, Bayesian networks,decision trees, neural networks, fuzzy logic models, and probabilisticclassification models providing different patterns of independence canbe employed. Classification as used herein also may be inclusive ofstatistical regression that is utilized to develop models of priority.

The disclosed aspects can employ classifiers that are explicitly trained(e.g., via a generic training data) as well as implicitly trained (e.g.,via observing mobile device usage as it relates to triggering events,observing network frequency/technology, receiving extrinsic information,and so on). For example, SVMs can be configured via a learning ortraining phase within a classifier constructor and feature selectionmodule. Thus, the classifier(s) can be used to automatically learn andperform a number of functions, including but not limited to modifying atransmit power, modifying one or more reported mobility measurements,and so forth. The criteria can include, but is not limited to,predefined values, frequency attenuation tables or other parameters,service provider preferences and/or policies, and so on.

In one embodiment, described herein is a method comprising receiving anindication of a change in frequency band associated with a first antennagain of an antenna as the antenna transitions an operating band from afirst frequency band to a second frequency band, and determining cableloss data associated with a loss in the antenna gain. In response todetermining the cable loss data, determining a second antenna gain tocompensate for the loss in the first antenna gain resulting in adetermined antenna gain, and adjusting the first antenna gain to thedetermined antenna gain.

According to another embodiment, a system can facilitate, storing outputpower data related to an output power of a cable, and storing gain datarelated to a received gain from an antenna attached to the cable.Furthermore the system can facilitate receiving frequency threshold dataassociated with a frequency threshold of a frequency band received bythe antenna. In response to the receiving the frequency threshold data,the system can determine a calibration value to adjust a gain of theantenna and send calibration data related to the calibration value tothe antenna.

According to yet another embodiment, described herein is amachine-readable storage medium that can perform the operationscomprising receiving first location data related to a first location ofa mobile device, and receiving a first indication that the mobile deviceis moving from the first location to a second location related to secondlocation data associated with a second frequency band of a secondnetwork device. In response to the receiving the first indication, themachine-readable medium can generate a calibration value for a thresholdto be applied to a function of a difference between the first frequencyband and the second frequency band, and send the calibration datarelated to the calibration value to an antenna.

These and other embodiments or implementations are described in moredetail below with reference to the drawings.

Referring now to FIG. 1, illustrated is an example wireless networkcomprising an automobile antenna transitioning from a first network to asecond network according to one or more embodiments. An automobile 100can transition between the first network 112 and the second network 114.The automobile 100 can comprise an antenna 102 for sending and receivingradio signals from the first network 112 and the second network 114. Theantenna 102 can comprise a transceiver 104 and a receiver 106.Additionally, the antenna 102 can be connected to base equipment 110 viaa cable 108.

The base equipment 110 can be located in the trunk (or other remotearea) away from the antenna 102. The distance between the antenna 102and the base equipment 110 can be represented as length, L, where L canbe a positive real number. The larger the length L, the more cable losscan be experienced as the automobile 100 moves from a low frequency bandto a high frequency band. Consequently, a compensation value can begenerated to determine a gain for the antenna 102 to compensate for thecable loss. Thus, the compensation value can be used to alter, modify,or otherwise correct for the cable loss in relation to the distancebetween the antenna 102 and the base equipment 110.

Referring now to FIG. 2, illustrated is an example wireless networkcoverage area change according to one or more embodiments. For thisillustration, the circles can represent cellular coverage radiatingoutwardly away from the center of the circles. Beginning with an initialcoverage area for a lower band 204, the cable loss associated with anautomobile antenna can be very small. As the automobile moves in anoutward direction, away from the coverage for the higher band 200,towards coverage area 206, there can be a more incremental coverage ofthe lower band due to even less cable loss.

However, as the automobile moves in an inward direction, towards thecoverage for the higher band 200, a layer selection can occur. Theautomobile antenna can experience less incremental coverage of thehigher band 202 due to cable loss associated with moving towards thehigher band 200 coverage.

Referring now to FIG. 3, illustrated is an example wireless networkcomprising a mobile antenna transitioning from a first network coveragearea to a second network coverage according to one or more embodiments.As the automobile 100 transitions between cellular coverage 300 andcellular coverage 302, the automobile antenna 102 can be subjected to acable loss associated with a frequency change and the length of thecable 108 from the antenna 102 to the base equipment 110. Therefore, ifthe cellular coverage area 300 has a lower frequency and the cellularcoverage area 302 has a higher frequency, then the antenna 102 canexperience a gain loss associated with the length of the cable 108.Based on the frequency differences and to compensate for the gain loss,the base equipment 110 can generate an amplification signal accordingly.The amplification signal can be sent to the antenna 102 to account forthe gain loss during the automobile's 100 transition period 306. Areas308 can represent locations where there are frequency thresholds duringthe automobile's 100 transition period 306. It should also be noted thatif the automobile 100 moves from a higher frequency cellular coverage302 to a lower frequency cellular cover 300, an amplification reductioncan be used to reduce or account for the additional gain that can beexperienced by moving to the cellular coverage with the lower frequency300.

Referring now to FIG. 4, illustrated is an example attenuation graphaccording to one or more embodiments. FIG. 4 illustrates the signalattention decrease via cable loss as an automobile comprising an antennatransitions from a lower frequency network to a higher frequencynetwork.

Referring now to FIG. 5, illustrated is an example wireless networkgraph representing signal attenuation as a mobile antenna transitionsbetween network cells according to one or more embodiments. A mobileantenna can transition from a first cellular network (a serving cell) toa second cellular network based on a signal level of the first cellularnetwork. The ratio, and resulting handoff behavior can be changedsignificantly if there are two different frequency bands involved,resulting in one frequency band being more attenuated than otherfrequency band. For instance, if a serving cell is weaker than −110 dBmas illustrated by the graph at point 500, the mobile antenna can beginlooking for better cell to go to. Consequently, the mobile antenna canscan other cells and average their respective frequency values. Then, ifthe second cellular network frequency is at least X dB better than thefirst cellular network's frequency, the mobile antenna can switch overto the second cellular network as illustrated by the graph at point 500.Consequently, because the frequency of the second cellular network ishigher than the frequency of the first cellular network, the mobileantenna can experience cable loss as a result of the distance from themobile antenna to the base equipment of the mobile antenna. The networkcan send reconfiguration message data, comprising data related to thesecond cellular network, to the mobile antenna. The reconfigurationmessage data can indicate that the second cellular network is now thenew serving cell. Therefore a compensation value can be determined andapplied to an amplification signal for the mobile antenna to offset thecable loss generated by switching to the second cellular network. Theamplification or compensation value can be reduced as illustrated by thegraph at point 502 once the mobile antenna can transition back to thefirst cellular network. The amplification or compensation value can alsobe terminated at the point where the mobile antenna transitions back tothe first cellular network. The network can again send reconfigurationmessage data, comprising data related to the first cellular network, tothe mobile antenna. The reconfiguration message data can then indicatethat the first cellular network is again the serving cell.

Referring now to FIG. 6, illustrated is an example antenna baseequipment component according to one or more embodiments. The baseequipment 600 can comprise several subcomponents including, but notlimited to: a variable amplifier 602, a compensator 604, a processor606, and/or a memory 608. The variable amplifier 602 can be used to sendvaried amplified gain signals to the mobile antenna, via a cable feed tothe antenna, depending on a control voltage. The compensator 604 candetermine what compensation factor is needed to accommodate for a gainloss and send compensation data to the variable amplifier to adjust again signal to be sent to the antenna. The processor 606 can carry outpredetermined instructions associated with varying the gains of theantenna, and the memory 608 can store related data in a data structureassociated with previous layer selections, frequency bands, andlocation. Additionally, location data 610 associated with a current,previous, or anticipated location of the automobile antenna can be sentto the base equipment 600. Alternatively, the location data 610, whichcan also be GPS data, can be stored externally to the base equipment 600or stored within the base equipment 600.

Referring now to FIG. 7, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram for compensating for a loss in an antenna gain due to acable according to one or more embodiments. At element 700, anindication of a first change in frequency band associated with a firstantenna gain of an antenna as the antenna transitions an operating bandfrom a first frequency band to a second frequency band can be received.

As an automobile antenna transitions from one cellular network toanother cellular network, the system can receive an indication of suchbased on the first change in frequency band. At element 702, cable lossdata associated with a loss in the antenna gain can be determined. Dueto the change in frequency band, there can be an associated cable loss,especially when transitioning to a higher frequency band. Thereafter, inresponse to the determining the cable loss data, a second antenna gaincan be determined at element 704 to compensate for the loss in the firstantenna gain resulting in a determined antenna gain. Although thecompensation value can be equal to the cable loss value, it should benoted that the compensation value can also be greater than or less thanthe cable loss value based on various scenarios. Consequently, the firstantenna gain can be adjusted to the determined antenna gain at element706.

Referring now to FIG. 8, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram for calibrating an antenna gain based on a frequency bandthreshold according to one or more embodiments. A baseline outputantenna power can be determined for purposed of antenna calibration. Atelement 800, output power data related to an output power of a cable canbe stored, wherein the output power is measured at an end of the cable.At element 802, gain data related to a received gain from an antennaattached to the cable can also be stored. After determining the baselinedata, gain data can be used to assist in determining a frequencythreshold. Frequency threshold data associated with a frequencythreshold of a frequency band can be received by the antenna at element804. In response to the receiving the frequency threshold data, acalibration value can be determined at element 806 to adjust a gain ofthe antenna and the calibration data related to the calibration valuecan be sent to the antenna at element 808.

Referring now to FIG. 9, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram for generating gain calibration data in response to alocation change according to one or more embodiments. At element 900,first location data related to a first location of a mobile device canbe received, wherein the first location is associated with a firstfrequency band of a first wireless network device. Cable loss can beincreased as the mobile antenna transitions to a higher frequency bandwithin a wireless network. Therefore, location data can be determined toassist in preemptively determining a calibration value to adjust a gainof the antenna system. At element 902, a first indication that themobile device is moving from the first location to a second locationrelated to second location data associated with a second frequency bandof a second network device can be received. Previously stored locationdata can also be used to proactively determine a calibration value. Inresponse to the receiving the first indication at element 902, acalibration value can be generated at element 904 for a threshold to beapplied to a function of a difference between the first frequency bandand the second frequency band. Since the cable loss can be directlycorrelated to the length of the cable connection between the antenna andthe antenna base equipment, the calibration value can also be directlycorrelated to the length of a cable connection between the antenna andthe antenna base equipment. Thereafter, calibration data related to thecalibration value can be sent to an antenna at element 906.

To provide further context for various aspects described herein, FIG. 10illustrates a non-limiting example block diagram of a system 1000 of amobile device 1005 that can deliver content(s) or signaling directed toa device in accordance with aspects described herein. Additionally, FIG.11 illustrates a non-limiting example block diagram of a system 1100 ofa mobile network platform 1110 which can provide subscriber data inaccordance with aspects described herein.

In the mobile device 1005 of FIG. 10, which can be a multimode accessterminal, a set of antennas 1009 ₁-1009 _(Q) (Q is a positive integer)can receive and transmit signal(s) from and to wireless devices likeaccess points, access terminals, wireless ports and routers, and soforth that operate in a radio access network. It should be appreciatedthat antennas 1009 ₁-1009 _(Q) are a part of communication platform1010, which comprises electronic components and associated circuitrythat provide for processing and manipulation of received signal(s) andsignal(s) to be transmitted; e.g., receivers and transmitters 1012,mux/demux component 1014, and mod/demod component 1016.

In the system 1000, multimode operation chipset(s) 1020 allows themobile device 1005 to operate in multiple communication modes inaccordance with disparate technical specification for wirelesstechnologies. In an aspect, multimode operation chipset(s) 1020 utilizesa communication platform 1010 in accordance with a specific mode ofoperation (e.g., voice, Global Positioning System (GPS)). In anotheraspect, multimode operation chipset(s) 1020 can be scheduled to operateconcurrently (e.g., when Q>1) in various modes or within a multitaskparadigm.

The mobile device 1005 can comprise a data analysis component 1022 andcan convey content(s) or signaling in accordance with aspects describedherein. It should be appreciated that the data analysis component 1022,can include a display interface that renders content in accordance withaspects of a user prompt component (not shown) that can reside withinthe data analysis component 1022.

The mobile device 1005 can also comprise a processor 1035 configured toconfer functionality, at least in part, to substantially any electroniccomponent within the mobile device 1005, in accordance with aspectsdescribed herein. As an example, a processor 1035 can be configured toexecute, at least in part, instructions in multimode operationchipset(s) that afford multimode communication through the mobile device1005 such as concurrent or multitask operations of two or morechipset(s). As another example, the processor 1035 can facilitate themobile device 1005 to receive and convey signaling and content(s) (e.g.,various data flows) that are part of an active management act initiatedby a subscriber that operates mobile 1005, or an approval cycleassociated with auxiliary subscribers (e.g., secondary subscriber,tertiary subscriber, etc.). Moreover, the processor 1035 can facilitatethe mobile device 1005 to process data (e.g., symbols, bits, or chips)for multiplexing/demultiplexing, modulation/demodulation, such asimplementing direct and inverse fast Fourier transforms, selection ofmodulation rates, selection of data packet formats, inter-packet times,etc. A memory 1055 can store data structures (e.g., metadata); codestructure(s) (e.g., modules, objects, classes, procedures) orinstructions; network or device information like policies andspecifications, attachment protocols; code sequences for scrambling,spreading and pilot (e.g., reference signal(s)) transmission; frequencyoffsets, cell IDs, and so on.

In the system 1000, the processor 1035 is functionally coupled (e.g.,through a memory bus) the to memory 1055 in order to store and retrieveinformation necessary to operate and/or confer functionality, at leastin part, to the communication platform 1010, the multimode operationchipset(s) 1020, the data analysis component 1022, and substantially anyother operational aspects of a multimode mobile device 1005.

FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram 1100 of a mobile network platform1110 which can provide data analysis in accordance with aspectsdescribed herein. Generally, the mobile network platform 1110 caninclude components, e.g., nodes, gateways, interfaces, servers, orplatforms, that facilitate both packet-switched (PS) (e.g., internetprotocol (IP), frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)) andcircuit-switched (CS) traffic (e.g., voice and data) and controlgeneration for networked wireless communication. In an aspect, asdescribed above, component within PS domain of the network platform 1110can be employed to effect communication in accordance with aspectsdescribed herein.

With respect to CS communication, the mobile network platform 1110 cancomprise CS gateway node(s) 1112 which can interface CS traffic receivedfrom legacy networks such as telephony network(s) 1114 (e.g., publicswitched telephone network (PSTN), or a public land mobile network(PLMN)) or a SS7 network 1116. Circuit switched gateway node(s) 1112 canauthorize and authenticate traffic (e.g., voice) arising from suchnetworks. Additionally, CS gateway node(s) 1112 can access mobility, orroaming, data generated through the SS7 network 1116; for instance,mobility data stored in a visitation location register (VLR), which canreside in a memory 1120. Moreover, the CS gateway node(s) 1112interfaces CS-based traffic and signaling and gateway node(s) 1122. Asan example, in a 3GPP UMTS network, CS gateway node(s) 1112 can beembodied, at least in part, in gateway GPRS support node(s) (GGSN).

In addition to receiving and processing CS-switched traffic (e.g.,content(s) that can be part of a content(s) transmitted by a serviceprovider) and signaling, PS gateway node(s) 1122 can authorize andauthenticate PS-based data sessions with served mobile devices,non-mobile devices, and access points. Data sessions can includetraffic, or content(s), exchange with networks external to the mobilenetwork platform 1110, such as wide area network(s) (WANs) 1130 orservice network(s) 1140; it should be appreciated that local areanetwork(s) (LANs) 1150 can also be interfaced with the mobile networkplatform 1110 through PS gateway node(s) 1122. The packet-switchedgateway node(s) 1122 can generate packet data contexts when a datasession is established. To that end, in an aspect, the PS gatewaynode(s) 1122 can include a tunnel interface (e.g., tunnel terminationgateway (TTG) in 3GPP UMTS network(s) (not shown)) which can facilitatepacketized communication with disparate wireless network(s), such asnetwork platform and associated radio access network, Wi-Fi networks. Itshould be further appreciated that the packetized communication caninclude multiple flows that can be generated through service (e.g.,provisioning) and application server(s) 1160. It is to be noted that in3GPP UMTS network(s), PS gateway node(s) 1122 (e.g., GGSN) and tunnelinterface (e.g., TTG) comprise a packet data gateway (PDG).

The mobile network platform 1110 can also comprise serving node(s) 1170that convey the various packetized flows of data streams (e.g.,content(s) or signaling directed to a subscribed data), received throughthe PS gateway node(s) 1122. As an example, in a 3GPP UMTS network, theserving node(s) 1170 can be embodied in serving GPRS support node(s)(SGSN).

Server(s) 1160 in the mobile network platform 1110 can execute numerousapplications (e.g., location services, online gaming, wireless banking,wireless device management, etc.) that can generate multiple disparatepacketized data streams or flows, and manage (e.g., schedule, queue,format, etc.) such flows. Such application(s), for example can includeadd-on features to standard services provided by the mobile networkplatform 1110. Data streams (e.g., content(s) or signaling directed to afile) can be conveyed to the PS gateway node(s) 1122 forauthorization/authentication and initiation of a data session, and tothe serving node(s) 1170 for communication thereafter.

The server(s) 1160 can also effect security (e.g., implement one or morefirewalls) of the mobile network platform 1110 to ensure network'soperation and data integrity in addition to authorization andauthentication procedures that the CS gateway node(s) 1112 and the PSgateway node(s) 1122 can enact. Moreover, the server(s) 1160 canprovision services from external network(s), e.g., the WAN 1130, orGlobal Positioning System (GPS) network(s) (not shown). It is to benoted that the server(s) 1160 can include one or more processorsconfigured to confer at least in part the functionality of the macronetwork platform 1110. To that end, the one or more processor canexecute code instructions stored in the memory 1120, for example.

Furthermore, the claimed subject matter can be implemented as a method,apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/orengineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or anycombination thereof to control a computer to implement the disclosedsubject matter. The term “article of manufacture” as used herein isintended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computerreadable media can include but are not limited to magnetic storagedevices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips, et cetera),optical disks (e.g., compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD), etcetera), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick, keydrive, et cetera). Additionally it should be appreciated that a carrierwave can be employed to carry computer-readable electronic data such asthose used in transmitting and receiving electronic mail or in accessinga network such as the Internet or a local area network (LAN). Of course,those skilled in the art will recognize many modifications can be madeto this configuration without departing from the scope or spirit of theclaimed subject matter.

As used herein, the term “identifying information” is intended to becontact information known at the time a communication is connectedrelating to a party of the communication and can include (but is notlimited to) telephone numbers, aliases, messenger names and identifiers,e-mail addresses, extensions, device personal identification numbers(PINs), distribution lists, network addresses, component addresses(e.g., medium access control (MAC) addresses, machine addresses, etcetera) or other component identifiers, user names, nicknames, domains,signatures (electronic, physical, and otherwise), references, forwardingconfigurations, and network addresses. The term “communication” as usedwhen two or more devices correspond is intended to expansively captureall means of transmission or reception available to state-of-the-artdevices and can include (but is not limited to) cellular, satellitetransmission, VOIP and SIP voice connections, short message service(SMS) exchanges, broadcast data, network sessions, e-mails, instantmessages, other network-based messaging, PIN or other device-basedmessaging, voicemail, picture mail, video mail, mixed-contentcorrespondence, Unified Messaging (UM), and other digital and analoginformation transmitted between parties in any local and/or distant,physical and/or logical region.

Similarly, the concept of “data transmission” herein is intended tobroadly represent known means of information exchange with digital oranalog systems, including but not limited to hard-wired and directconnections (e.g., local media, universal serial bus (USB) cable,integrated drive electronics (IDE) cable, category 5 cable, coaxialcable, fiber optic cable and telephone cable), shared connections (e.g.,remote and/or distributed resources) wireless connections (e.g., Wi-Fi,Bluetooth, infrared wireless, Zigbee, other 802.XX wirelesstechnologies, and personal area network connections), messaging systems(e.g., short message service (SMS), instant messaging, and othernetwork-enabled other messaging), mobile or cellular transmissions andcombinations thereof (e.g., personal communication system (PCS) andintegrated networks), Unified Messaging, and other means of techniquesof communication employed by telephones, personal digital assistants(PDAs), computers and network devices. “Mixed-content message,” as usedherein, is intended to represent communications employing one or moremeans of data transmission to present one or more varieties ofdevice-capable content, including (but not limited to) picture messages,audio or video messages, and messages where text or other media typesaccompany one another. A “user device” can include, but is not limitedto, data-enabled telephones (cellular telephones, smart phones, softphones, VOIP and SIP phones, satellite phones, telephones coupled tocomputer systems, et cetera), communications receivers, personal digitalassistants, pagers, portable e-mail devices, portable web browsers,media devices capable of receiving data, portable computers, and otherelectronics that allow a user to receive communications from otherparties.

As it is employed in the subject specification, the term “processor” canrefer to substantially any computing processing unit or devicecomprising, but not limited to comprising, single-core processors;single-processors with software multithread execution capability;multi-core processors; multi-core processors with software multithreadexecution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithreadtechnology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributedshared memory. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integratedcircuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digitalsignal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), aprogrammable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic device(CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardwarecomponents, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functionsdescribed herein. Processors can exploit nano-scale architectures suchas, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors,switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhanceperformance of user equipment. A processor can also be implemented as acombination of computing processing units.

In the subject specification, terms such as “data store,” data storage,”“database,” and substantially any other information storage componentrelevant to operation and functionality of a component, refer to “memorycomponents,” or entities embodied in a “memory” or components comprisingthe memory. For example, information relevant to operation of variouscomponents described in the disclosed subject matter, and that can bestored in a memory, can comprise historic data on previously servedqueries; communication party information from various sources; files andapplications; and so forth. It is to be appreciated that the memorycomponents described herein can be either volatile memory or nonvolatilememory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.

By way of illustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory caninclude read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electricallyprogrammable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flashmemory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), whichacts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and notlimitation, RAM is available in many forms such as synchronous RAM(SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rateSDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), anddirect Rambus RAM (DRRAM). Additionally, the disclosed memory componentsof systems or methods herein are intended to comprise, without beinglimited to comprising, these and any other suitable types of memory.

What has been described above includes examples of aspects of theclaimed subject matter. It is, of course, not possible to describe everyconceivable combination of components or methods for purposes ofdescribing the claimed subject matter, but one of ordinary skill in theart can recognize that many further combinations and permutations of thedisclosed subject matter are possible. Accordingly, the disclosedsubject matter is intended to embrace all such alterations,modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope ofthe appended claims. While various components have been illustrated asseparate components, it will be appreciated that multiple components canbe implemented as a single component, or a single component can beimplemented as multiple components, without departing from exampleembodiments. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has”or “having” are used in either the detailed description or the claims,such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term“comprising” as “comprising” is interpreted when employed as atransitional word in a claim.

In this regard, while the subject matter has been described herein inconnection with various embodiments and corresponding FIGs, whereapplicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can beused or modifications and additions can be made to the describedembodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitutefunction of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom.Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to anysingle embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed inbreadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: receiving, by a wirelessnetwork device comprising a processor, a first indication of a firstchange in frequency band associated with a first antenna gain of anantenna as the antenna transitions an operating band from a firstfrequency band to a second frequency band and as the antenna transitionsfrom a first location to a second location a first time; determining, bythe wireless network device, cable loss data associated with a loss inthe first antenna gain; in response to the determining the cable lossdata, by the wireless network device, determining a second antenna gainto compensate for the loss in the first antenna gain resulting in adetermined antenna gain; and in response to a second indication that theantenna is transitioning from the first location to the second locationa second time, adjusting, by the wireless network device, a currentantenna gain to the second antenna gain to compensate for the loss priorto the transitioning to the second location the second time.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the cable loss is associated with a length ofa cable connection between the antenna and base equipment for theantenna.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second antenna gain isbased on the length of the cable connection between the antenna and thebase equipment for the antenna.
 4. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: measuring, by the wireless network device, an output powerat an end of a cable connection between the antenna and a base equipmentfor the antenna.
 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: storing,by the wireless network device, the first antenna gain, the secondantenna gain, the first frequency band, the second frequency band, andthe cable loss data in a data structure accessible by the wirelessnetwork device to facilitate adjustment of the first antenna gain to thedetermined antenna gain.
 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:in response to a second change in a coordinate of a global positioningsystem, determining, by the wireless network device, that the antenna istransitioning from the first frequency band to the second frequencyband.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein location data associated withthe global positioning system and the cable loss data are accessible ina data structure for access as the antenna transitions from the firstfrequency band to the second frequency band.
 8. A system, comprising: aprocessor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, whenexecuted by the processor, facilitate performance of operations,comprising: receiving a first indication of a first change in frequencyband associated with a first antenna gain of an antenna as the antennatransitions an operating band from a first frequency band to a secondfrequency band and as the antenna transitions from a first location to asecond location a first time; determining cable loss data associatedwith a loss in the first antenna gain; in response to the determiningthe cable loss data, determining a second antenna gain to compensate forthe loss in the first antenna gain resulting in a determined antennagain; and in response to a second indication that the antenna istransitioning from the first location to the second location a secondtime, adjusting a current antenna gain to the second antenna gain tocompensate for the loss prior to the transitioning to the secondlocation the second time.
 9. The system of claim 8, wherein theoperations further comprise: storing output power data related to anoutput power of a cable, and wherein the output power is measured at anend of the cable that is closest to the antenna.
 10. The system of claim9, wherein the operations further comprise: generating a data structurecomprising the output power data, gain data associated with the antennagain, and frequency threshold data associated with a frequency thresholdof a frequency band received by the antenna for access during theadjusting.
 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the adjusting the currentantenna gain comprises generating calibration data to facilitate theadjusting the current antenna gain.
 12. The system of claim 11, whereinthe calibration data is based on a length of a cable connection betweenthe antenna and base equipment used to secure the antenna.
 13. Thesystem of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise: in responseto the determining the second antenna gain, assigning a network resourcefor use by a mobile device.
 14. The system of claim 13, wherein theassigning the network resource comprises limiting the network resourcebased on a frequency threshold.
 15. A non-transitory machine-readablestorage medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executedby a processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising:receiving a first indication of a first change in frequency bandassociated with a first antenna gain of an antenna as the antennatransitions an operating band from a first frequency band to a secondfrequency band and as the antenna transitions from a first location to asecond location a first time; determining cable loss data associatedwith a loss in the first antenna gain; in response to the determiningthe cable loss data, determining a second antenna gain to compensate forthe loss in the first antenna gain resulting in a determined antennagain; and in response to a second indication that the antenna istransitioning from the first location to the second location a secondtime, adjusting a current antenna gain to the second antenna gain tocompensate for the loss prior to the transitioning to the secondlocation the second time.
 16. The non-transitory machine-readablestorage medium of claim 15, wherein the adjusting the current antennagain comprises adjusting a length associated with a distance between theantenna and a base of the antenna.
 17. The non-transitorymachine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operationsfurther comprise: storing first location data associated with the firstlocation, second location data associated with the second location, andantenna gain data, associated with the second antenna gain, in a datastructure.
 18. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium ofclaim 15, wherein the operations further comprise: in response toreceiving a third indication that the antenna is moving from the secondlocation to the first location, reducing a calibration value from afirst calibration value to a second calibration value less than thefirst calibration value.
 19. The non-transitory machine-readable storagemedium of claim 18, wherein the reducing the calibration value comprisesreducing the calibration value by a value that is inversely proportionalto the calibration value.
 20. The non-transitory machine-readablestorage medium of claim 18, wherein the reducing the calibration valuecomprises reducing the calibration value by a value that is proportionalto a length associated with a distance between the antenna and a baseequipment of the antenna.